(消极)
The service is poor owing to a shortage ofstaf f .
21 由于我们采取了预防措施,台风并未造成损失。(积极)
Owing to the precautionary measure wehad taken , the typhoon did not work damage.
215 Thanks to. . . 多用于正面原因,间或用于反面场合,多用于书面语11 多亏谢先生身体好,才能平安躲过最近的非典。(积极)
Thanks to his st rong constit ution , Mr. Xiewas able to pull through the recent SARS.
21 由于他的愚蠢,这项工作将要大大延误了。(消极)
Thanks to his st upidity , this work is goingto be delayed a great deal.
3 “由于”译为表示原因的介词短语:in consequence of ,as a result of ,in view of ,on accountof ,by/ in virtue of3. 1 In consequence of . . . 和on account of . . . 与汉语介词结构“由于缘故”相似,多用于书面语11 由于长期干旱的缘故,我们非常缺水。
In consequence of the long drought ,we areext remely short of water.
21 由于价格太贵,我们没向这家商号定货。
We didn’t place orders with this firm onaccount of the high price.
312 As a result of . . . 在表意与具体作用上与介词结构“由于的结果”相似,多用于书面语他的死是由于那次事故的直接结果。
He died as a di rect resul t of the accident .
313 In view of . . . 在意思和语体上与“鉴于”相似,多见于书面语11 由于最近事态的发展,我们认为这一步不可取。
In view of recent developments ,we do notthink this step advisable.
21 鉴于劳动成本提高,很多公司采用自动化操作。
In view of rising labor costs ,many companies have turned to automation.
314 By/ in virtue of . . . 语感上的意思是“多亏”,
多用于书面语多亏你答应预支我500 美元,我昨天才把这台电脑买了。
By vi rt ue of your promise to advance me＄500 , I bought the computer yesterday.
4 用并列连词and 表示逻辑上的因果关系并列连词and 连接的两个平行谓语有时也能表示逻辑上的因果关系。这类平行谓语所表示的逻辑关系为:前一个谓语动词说明原因,后一个谓语动词说明由这一原因而引出的结果。
这种表达法简洁明快,多见于书面语。
11 他因服了药而感到不适。
He took some medicine and was sick.
21 他由于刻苦努力,因而顺利通过了考试。
He t ried hard and passed the examinationsuccessfully.
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